do tutorial

Django tutorial

w3school django tutorial based on django version 5.1.7

Instaliation

create env first I did it with conda.

$ python -m pip install Django

Create Project

$ django-admin startproject mysite

Create App

An app is a web application that has a specific meaning in your project, like a home page, a contact form, or a members database.

python manage.py startapp members

Create app inside subfolder

tistory: django app 폴더 서브폴더 안으로 이동시키기

1. create app folder inside sub folder (or just move it)

$ mkdir apps/myapp
$ python manage.py startapp myapp apps/myapp

2. inside app folder there is apps.py. edit the name value to {subfolder}.{appname}
3. inside settings.py edit INSTALLED_APPS into {subfolder}.{appname}
4. inside urls.py edit urlpatterns into {subfolder}.{appname}.urls

Views

Django views are Python functions that take http requests and return http response, like HTML documents.

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

def members(request):
	return HttpResponse("Hello world!")

Urls

1. Create a urls.py inside the app folder

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
	path('members/', views.members, name='members'),
]

Now this is specific for the members app. We have to do some routing in the root dir(project dir) as well.

2. add the app inside the root dir urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
	path('', include('members.urls')),
	path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

Templates

1. Create a templates folder inside the members folder, and create a HTML file named myfirst.html and put any simple html

2. Modify the View

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import loader

def members(request):
	template = loader.get_template('myfirst.html')
	return HttpResponse(template.render())

Change Settings

we need to tell Django that a new app is created.

from settings.py look for INSTALLED_APPS[] list and add the members app.

Models

In Django, data is created in objects, called Models, and is actually tables in a database.

1. Inside models.py file in the /members/ folder. add a Member table by creating a Member class, and describe the table fields in it

from django.db import models

class Member(modles.Model):
	firstname = models.CharField(max_length=255)
	lastname = models.CharField(max_length=255)

2. run a command to create table in DB

python manage.py makemigrations members

Django creates a file describing the changes and stores the file in the /migrations/ folder. The table is not created yet, you will have to run a command. Then Django will create and execute an SQL statement, based on the content of the new file in the /migrations/ folder.

python manage.py migrate

3. To review the sql you can run this.

python manage.py sqlmigrate members 0001